Analgesics are used for the treatment of moderate to severe acute pain. Common names for some analgesics are Morphine (OxyContin), Codeine (Panadeine, Digesic), Tramadol, Paracetamol (Panadol) and Anti-Inflammatories (Voltaren, Nurofen).The severity and nature of the pain will dictate the type of analgesic best used to treat it.

Analgesics do have some common side effects. Paracetamol has few side effects and is regarded as very safe, although excessive usage can lead to kidney and liver damage. High usage of Anti-Inflammatories and aspirin can lead to gastrointestinal problems including diahorrea and ulcers and should be taken with food. They can also lead to allergic reactions including asthma and may predispose users to bleeding. Morphine and codeine are very effective analgesics however they too have side effects. Up to 1 in 3 patients starting morphine may experience nausea and vomiting. Itching may require switching to a different medication. Constipation occurs in almost all patients on these drugs and laxatives or high fibre diet is typically co-prescribed. Morphine and Codeine analgesics are otherwise safe and effective, however risks such as addiction as well as the body becoming used to the drug and therefore becoming less effective can occur.

Patients should take medications as prescribed by their treating practitioner. It may help to jot down when you last took your medication to help you remember and prevent overdosing. It is most effective to take your medication before the severe pain arises. Prepare and time your physiotherapy exercises to coincide at least 30 minutes after your dose to allow it time to work properly and give you good coverage.

Use other methods such as relaxation, heat and cold packs whenever possible to supplement analgesia. Discuss with your clinician if you are unsure about this.

Do not take other medications without the knowledge of your practitioner. Some medications interact poorly with each other and could be harmful. Be careful when drinking alcoholic beverages with this type of medication and avoid driving or operating heavy machinery as you may not be as alert as normal. Keep the medication out of the reach of children.

Dispose of all extra medication when it is no longer used. Your local pharmacy can help with this and remember do not share the medicine with others.